A shell colon does nothing. Use it anyway

A programmer is discussing how a single colon in a shell script can simplify code by discarding the result of a parameter expansion. This allows for a more concise and typo-reduced way of checking if a variable is set.

An ESP32 based plane radar for my desk

https://pub-430e0c9ecb66464fa6999cd23a749d13.r2.dev/content/images/2026/07/esp32-plane-radar/img-3936.webp
User built a live aircraft radar using an ESP32-C3 and a 1.28-inch display, improving the project with proper flight context and local weather data. They plan to port the project to a larger display and design a 3D-printed enclosure.

JetZero

https://www.jetzero.aero/hs-fs/hubfs/Z4-Jetliner-left-alaska-livery.png?width=1000&height=562&name=Z4-Jetliner-left-alaska-livery.png
JetZero raised $175 million in Series B financing led by B Capital and broke ground on its manufacturing campus in North Carolina. The company advances toward its first flight with new board members and Japan Airlines supporting its Z4 program for improved fuel efficiency and passenger experience.

The new rules of context engineering for Claude 5 generation models

https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/68a44d4040f98a4adf2207b6/6a63620bedb2b7813b107213_3979f6a1.png
Claude Code's previous best practices have become myths, and newer models can handle decisions without explicit rules. To effectively use Claude, focus on providing context through design, using progressive disclosure, and referencing relevant information in code, skills, and CLAUDE.md files.

Inflect-Micro-v2: complete voice in 9.36M parameters

https://us.aws.cdn.hf.co/xet-bridge-us/6a3d6716da68260ce5052e96/68413c7415a61db9168ec34bc84056af8476e34da6c4c662a0b79152b5ce74c5?user_id=public&X-Xet-Cas-Uid=public&response-content-type=image%2Fpng&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename*%3DUTF-8%27%27inflect-v2-repository-hero.png%3B+filename%3D%22inflect-v2-repository-hero.png%22%3B&Expires=1785034827&Policy=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_&Signature=MEQCIFNWhygl5crsMe~yfG79eeUPI7Vdb8A13-~Rb6F~468uAiAaefnc4AIe6EnRHJVyyKUMppkihx38MNjb89oaTX91Lw__&Key-Pair-Id=01KXEF4KZ1B6FV465MAWR4M21F
Inflect v2 is a local text-to-waveform speech synthesis model with 10M parameters, supporting fixed-voice English TTS, long-text handling, and CPU or CUDA inference. It has a public API with two sizes: Micro prioritizing quality and Nano prioritizing footprint.

Show HN: I mapped every US golf course

https://golfcoursebrowser.com/favicon-512.png
Free interactive map of 18,000+ US golf courses — ratings, slope, hole-by-hole scorecards, live weather, public/private status, and tee time booking.

Stinkpot: SQLite-backed shell history

https://tangled.org/oppi.li/stinkpot/opengraph
Stinkpot is a tiny SQLite-backed shell-history searcher for Bash, providing session agnostic history management and a TUI searcher. It's a smaller alternative to Atuin, with a 400-line Go codebase.
The University of Chicago Law School is adapting its curriculum to the AI era by developing AI-resilient pedagogy, elevating essential human skills, and teaching responsible AI use. The school is implementing policies across its curriculum, including prohibiting electronic devices in 1L classrooms, introducing AI skills training in 1L Legal Research and Writing, and experimenting with ...

Alien World Chemistry Found Inside Meteorite That Struck New Jersey Home

https://www.seti.org/media/hk4lcjsh/figure-4.jpg
A meteorite crashed through a New Jersey home on July 16, 2024, and was found to be a rare primitive CM1/2 carbonaceous chondrite. The meteorite's pristine condition allowed scientists to study fragile minerals and organic compounds, providing new insight into the role of water and asteroid chemistry in shaping the early solar system.

W4ME Station – a WASM-4 runtime for Java ME phones

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mulfyx/w4me-station/main/docs/media/hero-phone.jpg
W4ME Station brings unmodified WebAssembly cartridges to mid 2000s feature phones via a 275 KB JAR. It targets CLDC 1.1 / MIDP 2.0 devices with no JIT and no network connection required.

Running a 28.9M parameter LLM on an $8 microcontroller

https://opengraph.githubassets.com/f8b57042e38fb5665ed40f5cccb453d38c6bf9a7f19eb86c56156811f3835599/slvDev/esp32-ai
A 28.9 million parameter language model runs on an $8 ESP32-S3 microcontroller, writing text to a small screen at 9 tokens per second. The model fits due to Google's Per-Layer Embeddings, storing most parameters in slow flash and loading only needed rows.

Systems and Delays

https://martin.janiczek.cz/assets/images/2026-07-24-systems-and-delays/books_thumbnail.webp
The author took a break from their usual activities to read a book on systems thinking and create a bitmap font. They used the book's concepts to model a car dealership's inventory system with delays, discovering that shortening delays can make the system worse, not better.

Open-weight AI is having its Kubernetes moment

https://tobi.knaup.me/assets/img/blog/2026-07-25-open-weight-ai-is-having-its-kubernetes-moment.730px.jpeg
The US should not restrict open-weight models from China, as it would cut off access to a growing ecosystem of AI researchers and engineers. Instead, American labs should release frontier-grade open-weight models under licenses that startups can build on.

LLM Usage in Debian: Three Proposals

The Debian project proposes to ban contributions written with the use or assistance of large language models (LLMs) or other generative AI tools due to concerns over stability, accuracy, and legal status. The proposal aims to protect Debian's reputation for stability and reliability, as well as the interests of its volunteers, by prohibiting LLM-assisted contributions to the project.

Clinical failure rates over the decades: yikes

A new paper estimates the clinical failure rate of the biopharma industry since the 1960s, finding it to be extremely high, with 91% of candidates failing in the 2000s and 2010s. This rate is unsustainable and explains the industry's high stakes and pressure to succeed.

SIMD for Collision

https://box2d.org/images/convex_pile_benchmark_3d.png
The user discusses the benefits of using "wide SIMD" in collision detection, particularly in 3D convex hulls, which can lead to significant performance gains. They share results showing that enabling SIMD in Box3D can make it over twice as fast as scalar mode for a 500-step run of the convex pile benchmark.

Cloudflare's new AI traffic options for customers

https://blog.cloudflare.com/_image?href=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.cloudflare.com%2F_emdash%2Fapi%2Fmedia%2Ffile%2F01KWW2PT33SAR4Q9JDA5KQX5JB.png&w=1999&h=1125&f=webp&fit=cover&position=center
Cloudflare is updating its AI bot management system to provide more nuanced control over AI traffic, including three use cases: Search, Agent, and Training. The new system will allow website owners to block or allow specific AI behaviors and will introduce a new "Verified" label for bots that meet certain transparency and honesty standards.

GM Backs Sodium Ion Batteries for U.S. Grid Storage

https://spectrum.ieee.org/media-library/a-sodium-ion-prismatic-cell-battery-pack.jpg?id=67517723&width=1200&height=750
Peak Energy, a US startup, claims it can succeed in sodium-ion battery development where others have failed, partnering with General Motors to deploy batteries at grid scale. The company's sodium-ion tech can't match energy density but costs operators 20 percent less over its lifetime compared to lithium-iron phosphate storage.

Some more things about Django I've been enjoying

Hello! I’m on a funny journey right now where I’m trying to learn how to make websites in a sort of 2010 style, where I have an SQL database and render some HTML on the backend. It’s kind of an interesting journey because it doesn’t necessarily feel “easy” to me to make websites in this way: I never learned how to do it in the 2000s or 2010s, and there’s a lot I need to learn. So here are ...

Show HN: I made some transistor animations

Blue dots represent electrons, red dots represent holes, and white flashes indicate recombination events in the animations. The animations show charge carrier motion under different conditions, with the second set being the most accurate but also more visually complex.

Librrd Playground

The language is modeled after CSS. The selector language has 4 tags (terminal, nonterminal, sequence, stack); wildcard, class, and ID selectors; a :root pseudo-selector; and descendant and child combinators. Specificity and cascading is as in CSS. The possible properties are explained below. align-items controls vertical alignment of a container's items. It is an inherited property. ...

Producing ammonia and fertiliser using wind power in Morris, Minnesota

https://ammoniaenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/uminn-morris-640x275.png
A low-carbon ammonia production facility has opened in Minnesota, powered by wind energy and aiming to produce one ton per day of ammonia for local fertiliser. The plant uses new modeling and control systems to adjust production based on fluctuating renewable energy supply.

Agatha Christie's Disappearance: Amnesia, Suicide, or Despair?

https://www.historicmysteries.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Agatha-Christie-disappearance.jpg
Agatha Christie disappeared on December 3, 1926, and was found 11 days later at a Yorkshire spa, claiming to have lost her memory. Her disappearance remains a mystery, with theories suggesting amnesia, depression, or a complex escape from marital problems.

Show HN: Brolly, a plain-text weather forecast site

The weather forecast shows overcast conditions with temperatures ranging from 14-29 degrees Celsius and light drizzle on July 26-31. Precipitation is expected to be low, with 0.2mm of rain on July 26 and 31.

Turn And Face The Strange

https://fly.io/blog/kurt-scott-money-sprites/assets/swirl-cover.webp
Fly.io is shifting its focus to "Computers for Agents" with its Sprites product, which provides a platform for developers to build and deploy applications with AI-powered agents. The company has also appointed Scott Johnston as its new CEO to lead this new direction.

Memory Safety Absolutists

The author discusses the recent criticism of Rust's memory safety, suggesting it's disingenuous and based on fanaticism. They argue that Rust minimizes memory safety issues and that Fil-C, a new way to make C and C++ code memory safe, has trade-offs that make it unsuitable for all projects.

Android May Soon Restrict On-Device ADB

A Google employee is considering restricting On-Device ADB connections to protect against "bad actors". This change could impact developers and users who rely on On-Device ADB for legitimate purposes.

Did They Ghost You?

https://didtheyghostyou.com/og-image.png
The interviewer failed to show up for a scheduled Zoom call after sending the task, and I was told I was the preferred candidate by the Director of HR but didn't receive a clear update or rejection. I sent a reasonable follow-up but communication has clearly stopped.

Bitchat is now on Radicle

The decentralized messaging app Bitchat uses a dual transport architecture for offline and global communication, with no accounts or central servers. To set up Bitchat on macOS, run "will" to set it up and "just" to clean, then compile using xcodebuild with localization updates.

Retry Storm Lab

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/telemetry-sh/retry-storm-lab/main/docs/retry-storm-lab.png
Retry Storm Lab is a deterministic Python simulator for partial dependency failures. It models fresh requests and retries competing for the same capacity, then compares immediate, fixed, exponential, and full-jitter backoff policies. Retries improve reliability when failures are brief and spare capacity exists. During a sustained partial outage, synchronized clients can instead amplify ...